In my previous article we have seen the basic difference between include() and include_once(). This article will explain how include() and require() are different. require() and include() performing the same function, however the major difference is require() will throw a fatal error (E_COMPILE_ERROR ) since it is not able to find the specific file on specified location and it will stop the execution as a result, on the other hand include() will show the warning (E_WARNING) however it will not stop the script execution. The syntax of both the functions seems like same.
Syntax :
include('filename');
or
require('filename');To understand this in detail let’s see one example.
include() :
Suppose we are going to add Helper1.php file using include() and we are not able to find Helper1.php file in that specific location, then It will show a warning and at the same time will continue to execute the below code which has been written after that specific statement.
Index.php
<?php
include("Helper1.php");
echo "<br><br> This is Index File";
?>
In the above image, you can see that it will display two warnings like “Failed to open stream AND Failed to open File” but it is still executing the code which has been written after include() statement. So this way include() will not stop the execution of code.
require() :
If we will use require() in place of include() it will throw the fatal error like below and will stop the execution of code as a result of it.
Index.php
<?php
require("Helper1.php");
echo "<br><br> This is Index File";
?>Output :
In the above image, you can see a warning and a fatal error like ” Failed to open stream AND Failed to opening File” and stop the execution of the script.
When to use include() and When to use require() :
require() will be used when the file is required by your application to continue the execution of the next step, e.g. an important message template file or a file containing configuration variables like database connection variables without which the app flow would break.
include() will be used when the file is not that important to process the next step for the application and which will not break the application during the process. E.g. referencing variables from the current scope file.
Note : It’s wise decision to use include() while adding external file code so that it does not stop the execution of your code, however it depends on the situation’s demand.
In this article, you have found two new words on which you need some more explanation.
- Warning
- Fatal Error
To understand this in detail Click here…
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